GB/T 43001-2023 specifies the test method for determining the resistance of leather and synthetic materials used for shoe uppers to rubber friction, simulating the friction scenario between the upper and sole during the actual wearing of hiking shoes, children's shoes, etc., to evaluate the material's ability to resist abrasion, color fading, and cracking. The standard defines the test principle, conditions, and procedures, with the core being to subject the specimen to intense friction against a rubber strip of specified hardness under defined pressure and a set number of reciprocating cycles. The test requires equipment such as a friction testing machine equipped with a dedicated rubber strip (Shore A hardness 75±3) and the GB/T 250 grey scale for assessing color change, providing a unified technical basis for quality control and product development of shoe upper materials.