GB/T 42413-2023 specifies the test methods for the resistance to freezing of glass containers in the field of glass instruments, applicable for assessing the ability of such containers to withstand temperature changes from low to specified temperatures. The standard defines two core procedures: the gradual freezing method and the direct freezing method. These involve placing samples in a low-temperature environment for insulation and then immersing them in warm water to observe whether they crack. The test requires the use of low-temperature testing equipment capable of reaching a minimum temperature of -50°C, a water bath with a capacity meeting the requirements at 40°C, and specialized stainless steel sample boxes. Temperature uniformity and fluctuation range must be precisely controlled to provide a unified technical basis for quality inspection, safe use, and selection of glass containers in related fields.