GB/T 12085.22-2022 specifies a rigorous set of environmental reliability test methods for optical and photonic instruments and their related components. The core of this standard lies in simulating the severe combined environmental stresses that products may encounter during actual use, transportation, or storage. It is specifically designed to test the ability of specimens to withstand the combined effects of two environmental stresses: low temperature, high temperature, or temperature variation, along with shock or random vibration. Such combined testing is more effective in revealing potential defects than single environmental tests and is commonly used to evaluate product reliability, conduct environmental stress screening, or perform accelerated life testing. Conducting such tests requires sophisticated combined environmental testing equipment. A typical configuration includes a three-environmental combined test chamber, which can simultaneously apply precisely controlled temperature variations and mechanical vibrations (shock or random vibration) to the specimen. This equipment is a key detection instrument for ensuring the effective implementation of tests under this standard.