This article introduces the principles, methods, and applications of the linear abrasion tester in evaluating the scratch resistance of packaging printing ink coatings. It explains that the device simulates actual wear scenarios, such as transportation and handling, by moving a friction head with a specific load back and forth on the coating surface, recording the number of friction cycles required to damage the coating to quantify scratch resistance. The article also covers experimental essentials such as sample preparation, environmental conditioning, friction head selection, and factors affecting test results, including load, humidity, and substrate roughness. Finally, a comparative case study of water-based and solvent-based inks demonstrates how this test provides data support for formulation optimization.

2026-05-06

This article introduces a method for testing the melt viscosity of hot-melt inks using a high-temperature viscometer. The test employed a rotational viscometer to measure the viscosity of three ink samples at different temperatures. The results showed that the viscosity of all samples decreased with increasing temperature, with Sample B exhibiting the highest viscosity and Sample C the lowest. These data can be used to optimize ink formulations and coating process parameters.

2026-05-06

This article introduces the method for determining the thermal decomposition temperature and inorganic filler content of ink using a thermogravimetric analyzer. During the test, a small amount of ink sample is heated in a nitrogen or air atmosphere, and the mass change curve is recorded. By analyzing the weight loss steps in different temperature ranges, it is possible to distinguish between solvents, resins, pigments, and inorganic fillers. The final inorganic filler content is calculated based on the residual mass at high temperatures, while the thermal decomposition temperature is determined using the derivative curve. The article also explains the testing conditions, data analysis methods, influencing factors, and solutions to common issues.

2026-05-06

This article introduces how a cone-plate viscometer measures the rheological curve of UV ink. UV ink is a non-Newtonian fluid whose viscosity changes with shear rate. The article explains the testing principle, sample preparation, and operational steps, and demonstrates how to plot curves from the data and analyze the shear-thinning characteristics of the ink using mathematical models. It also highlights precautions such as light protection and cleaning.

2026-05-06

This article describes how to measure the covering power of ink using a spectrophotometer. The instrument irradiates the ink sample, measures its reflectance within the visible light spectrum, and calculates the covering power using the Kubelka-Munk model. The experiment requires applying the ink to black-and-white standard base paper, controlling the film thickness and drying conditions, and measuring the reflectance step by step. The data undergoes iterative solving and formula calculations to obtain the covering power ratio. The article also mentions that uneven film thickness, substrate differences, and instrument deviations can affect the results, and in practical production, a balance between color and covering power must be achieved.

2026-05-06

This article introduces how a drop-weight impact testing machine evaluates the impact resistance of composite materials. By releasing a heavy hammer to strike a specimen, the test measures parameters such as energy absorption, peak load, and damage area, simulating low-velocity impacts like tool drops. The equipment includes a guide system, hammer head, fixture, and sensors. Before the test, the impact energy is set, and after impact, the damage morphology can be analyzed. Due to the anisotropy of composite materials, failure modes include matrix cracking, delamination, and fiber fracture. The results require a comprehensive assessment based on multiple indicators and are commonly applied in fields such as aerospace and automotive. Tests should follow standards like ISO 6603-2 or ASTM D7136, with attention to environmental conditions and equipment alignment.

2026-04-30

This article primarily discusses the impact of the fixture design of a drop-weight impact testing machine on the test results of plastic impact strength. Geometric parameters of the fixture, clamping methods, and contact surface materials can alter the stress state and energy transfer of the specimen, thereby affecting the accuracy of test data. For example, support spacing, clamping force, and padding materials can cause deviations in impact strength values. The article recommends optimizing fixture design based on the different characteristics of plastics and performing regular calibration to improve the repeatability and reliability of the tests.

2026-04-30

This article introduces the application of high-temperature universal testing machines in determining the hot modulus of rupture of refractory materials. It explains the working principle, testing process, and key parameters of the testing machine, such as the effects of heating rate, holding time, and loading rate. It also addresses specimen preparation, core components of the equipment (such as the high-temperature furnace and heat-resistant fixtures), and various factors influencing test results, including specimen surface, temperature uniformity, and chemical reactions involving the fixtures. Finally, it points out that this technology is crucial for the research, development, and quality inspection of refractory materials, and that future development will focus on higher temperatures and intelligent monitoring.

2026-04-30

This article introduces the differences between single-column and double-column tensile testing machines in the inspection of plastic films. Single-column machines have an open structure, are suitable for films with smaller force values and thinner thicknesses, offer convenient operation, and have lower costs; double-column machines have better rigidity, are suitable for films with larger force values and greater thicknesses, and provide higher accuracy and stability. When selecting, the main considerations are the film's force range, testing frequency, standard requirements, and laboratory space. Simply put, choose a single-column machine for thin films, small force values, and frequent changes of fixtures; choose a double-column machine for thick films, large force values, and high precision requirements.

2026-04-30

This article introduces how to quickly determine the peel force of adhesive on phone screens using a small push-pull gauge. It points out that this tool is flexible to operate and suitable for sampling inspections on production lines. During testing, the screen should be fixed, and a specialized fixture should be used to maintain a 90-degree pull direction. The pull should be conducted at a constant speed, and the maximum force value at the moment of peeling should be recorded. The data needs to be converted based on the width of the adhesive layer, and attention should be paid to batch stability as well as influencing factors such as adhesive thickness, temperature, and humidity. Quick inspection cannot replace formal testing, and visual inspection of the peel pattern is also necessary. This method can also be applied to adhesive layer testing on other screen products.

2026-04-30

This article introduces how a tensile testing machine is used to test the 180-degree peel strength of packaging tapes. It first explains the testing principle: according to ASTM and GB/T standards, the tape is peeled off the test panel at a 180-degree angle, and the average force value is recorded. Then it describes the sample preparation and testing steps in detail, including environmental control, cutting, bonding, and peeling rate. Key parameters such as standards, temperature, rate, and result units are also listed, along with the calculation formula. Finally, the article analyzes factors affecting test results, such as cleanliness, temperature, and humidity, as well as common issue handling and application examples.

2026-04-30

This article introduces the application of high-temperature muffle furnaces in ash determination. The principle of ash determination involves completely burning the sample at high temperatures, leaving behind inorganic mineral residues. The muffle furnace provides a stable and controllable thermal environment, ensuring accurate results. The article specifies the temperature settings and ignition time requirements for different materials such as food, coal, soil, and polymers, and emphasizes the importance of temperature calibration and constant weight operations. It also addresses common issues such as sample splashing, furnace door sealing, and crucible material selection, as well as safety operations and routine maintenance precautions. Finally, the ash calculation formula and a sample calculation are provided.

2026-04-30

This article compares the cost-effectiveness of single-channel laboratory ion meters and multi-channel switching modules. Single-channel equipment has a lower purchase price, but adding additional measurement parameters requires purchasing separate instruments. Multi-channel systems have a higher initial investment, but when testing three or more parameters, the total cost over three years is lower and the sample throughput is greater. The article also notes that multi-channel modules are slightly more complex to maintain, carry a risk of malfunction, and are suitable for laboratories with high sample volumes.

2026-04-30

This article introduces the application of high-frequency fatigue testing machines in the infinite life testing of valve springs. The test simulates the long-term working stress of the spring through high-frequency cyclic loading, with parameters such as preload, amplitude, and number of cycles set according to international standards. During the test, it is necessary to calibrate sensor accuracy, control temperature, and record load and displacement data. The acceptance criterion is that the spring shows no cracks or deformation within the allowable range after 10^7 cycles. Key considerations include avoiding inertial effects and paying attention to the impact of surface strengthening treatments, with the importance of fixture precision and real-time monitoring emphasized.

2026-04-30

This article on selecting a constant temperature bath primarily analyzes two core factors: circulation method and temperature control range. The circulation method is divided into natural convection and forced circulation. The former is suitable for simple static experiments, while the latter offers higher precision and is ideal for multi-sample operations or integration with external equipment. The temperature control range determines the choice of medium and materials for low, medium, and high-temperature intervals. The article recommends considering both factors together based on actual experimental needs and includes a comparison of technical parameters and applicable scenarios.

2026-04-29

This article introduces the selection method for Shore hardness testers, emphasizing that the hardness model must match the material's hardness range and rebound characteristics. The selection should follow the principle that the measured value falls between 20% and 80% of the full scale to avoid data distortion. The article lists the applicable hardness ranges for various models, such as Type A, D, and AO. For example, Type A is suitable for a range of 20 to 90 Shore units; below 20, Type AO or AM should be used, while above 90, Type D is more appropriate. It also mentions verifying the match through spring force and indentation depth, and provides a four-step selection process from estimated hardness to pilot measurement. Finally, it highlights common mistakes, such as using Type A directly for soft materials, which can lead to inaccurate test results.

2026-04-29

This article primarily introduces how to select a turbidimeter based on its light source type and measurement accuracy. It compares the characteristics of three light sources: tungsten lamps, LEDs, and lasers. Tungsten lamps meet U.S. standards but have a short lifespan, LED infrared light sources are suitable for online monitoring with a long lifespan, and laser light sources offer extremely high sensitivity at a higher cost. Factors affecting accuracy, such as stray light and noise, are also analyzed. It is recommended to use a laser light source for low-turbidity water samples, an LED light source for regular water samples, and an infrared light source for high-chroma wastewater. Additionally, regular calibration and cleaning are important to maintain accuracy.

2026-04-29

This article mainly discusses how to select laboratory mixers based on material viscosity. Higher viscosity requires greater torque; low-viscosity liquids are suitable for high speed and low torque, while high-viscosity materials require low speed and high torque. Temperature changes can affect viscosity, thereby altering torque requirements. The shape and size of the mixing paddle also influence torque. A safety margin of 20% to 30% should be reserved during selection, and it is best to verify through actual testing.

2026-04-29

This article on the selection of laboratory drying ovens primarily introduces the differences between forced-air (mechanical convection) and non-forced-air (natural convection) drying ovens. The forced-air type uses a built-in fan to ensure uniform hot air circulation, resulting in faster heating and better temperature uniformity, making it suitable for quick drying or experiments requiring high temperature consistency. In contrast, the non-forced-air type relies on the natural rise of hot air, leading to slower heating and larger temperature gradients, but with static airflow, making it suitable for samples prone to dust dispersion or that are easily disturbed. The selection should be based on experimental standards, sample characteristics, and processing volume.

2026-04-29

This article introduces the differences between contact and non-contact roughness measuring instruments during the selection process. Contact-type instruments use a stylus to slide across the surface, making them suitable for hard materials and high-precision reference surfaces. Non-contact instruments operate on optical principles and are ideal for soft or easily scratchable materials. The measurement standards for the two types differ, so their data cannot be directly combined. When selecting an instrument, factors such as material properties, measurement environment, required parameters (e.g., 2D or 3D), and budget should be considered. It is recommended to use both types together when necessary.

2026-04-29