This standard specifies the product classification, technical requirements, test methods, and inspection rules for solvent-based and waterborne coatings used in automobiles. It applies to the painting of vehicle bodies, cabs, covers, and components by automotive original equipment manufacturers. It comprehensively covers performance tests for primers, intermediate coats, topcoats, and composite coatings, such as fineness, adhesion (cross-cut test), impact resistance, flexibility, chemical resistance, and aging resistance. To ensure the detection of these performance indicators, a series of specialized instruments are required, including an overall appearance measurement system for evaluating appearance quality and orange peel, a portable coating thickness gauge for measuring coating thickness, a gloss meter for assessing coating gloss, and an artificial accelerated aging test chamber for simulating aging environments.